Call the health-care provider to ask if a new specimen 1. Watch for the item to come up with the water if it's small, like a necklace or bracelet. I forgot to check my pockets for kleenex, and did a wash (in a top loader). Let the vacuum suck up the water until you feel or hear the head passing through the vacuum hose. Use tweezers. So, they'll stick around for a very long time in your tank. Facial tissue has a smoother surface than toilet paper, which makes it feel softer on the skin. Sometimes, a larger object won’t make it all the way down the waste pipe; using a plunger may break it free and bring it to the surface. Paper Towels & Tissues. 6 gallons (6 liters) per flush, compared to the 3. Then, disconnect the water supply line and unscrew the bolts securing the toilet to the floor. Due to the global plastic crisis, this is no doubt concerning. Food. A 2016 study found that half the menstruating population flush tampons. Intentionally not giving backstory so as to not skew responses, because I need unbiased opinions. Yes, it is OK to flush Kleenex tissues. I know it’s technically biodegradable but it’s dang tough stuff and probably will survive the whole sanitation department stuff. If you’ve accidentally flushed a washcloth down the toilet, the first thing to do is to stop flushing it right away. The boiling water helps loosen the hair and other material that may be causing the clog. If so, direct the end of the hose so that the opening points at the item. Have towels ready. Why Flushing Kleenex Down the Toilet is Not Advisable. The only things you should flush are urine, fecal matter, and toilet paper. Put a few drops of warm ( not hot) baby oil or vegetable oil in the ear. I know you’re not supposed to but I did. Re: Top Of Toilet Tank. Pour a bucket of hot water into the toilet. Just throw it in the trash. Usually, it’s easier to retrieve your lost object than you may think. If the auger can't reach it then you've got an issue further down your line and you may need to call a plumber. Facial tissues. Wiping Your Hands. Only toilet paper is designed to break apart in pipes and sewers. While she got a replacement ring, she never lost hope that one day she would find it. If you’re in a pinch, you might think flushing your Kleenex or used tissues in the toilet is a good idea because tissues and toilet paper are more or less the. It was like one of those bigger hair clips that is the size of my palm. Quick Answer No, you should not flush Kleenex down the toilet. The dental floss spun and spun. Our cartons feature bright, colorful designs that are sure to pop in your bathroom, kitchen, or wherever you and your guests. Since regularly using 2-ply toilet paper can lead to septic issues, it's no surprise that 3-ply toilet paper comes with many of the same risks. . Have your child tilt and gently shake their head to dislodge the bug. After that, flushing the toilet would just cause the water in the bowl to build up until the water fill shut off, at which point all of the water would drain out of the bowl. Best Answer. Also known as baby wipes, they have become much more. 3. If you accidentally flushed Kleenex down the toilet, it’s time to find a way to loosen it up without taking out the toilet bowl. If you accidentally flushed Kleenex down the toilet, it’s time to find a way to loosen it up. Kleenex box on top of each tank lid. Anonymous. I’m on the verge of having a panic attack and just binge ate a entire pizza since I kinda know these guys since they work with some friends. Accidentally flushing an object down the toilet is a common mishap that can cause anxiety and frustration. What happens if you accidentally flush a paper towel? When you flush facial tissue or paper towels, water in your toilet doesn’t cause them to disintegrate right away . Final Words. If you do run out of toilet paper, you can reach for the humble tissue, kitchen towel or even newspaper. For example. If you have developed the habit of flushing the hair from your brushes down the toilet, break the habit now. 8. As mentioned earlier, tampons are made up of rayon, plastic, Bisphenol-A (BPA), Dioxin, and other chemicals. In my case, the issue was resolved by cleaning out the little hole in the bottom of. When Kleenex is flushed either purposely or accidentally, because it is made from a thicker material, it does not go down the pipes as it should. Tissue paper is flushable - basically if it breaks up in water like toilet paper it's fine, so same goes for paper napkins and kitchen roll - things like wipes, even if they claim to be flushable, cannot be flushed. You might be surprised to learn that flushing Q-tips down the toilet is actually a really bad idea! Q-tips are made of cotton, which means they can easily. By immersing the gloves in a 70% isopropyl alcohol solution for 5–10 minutes, you can disinfect them. Okay r/NoStupidQuestions, hear me out -. Cottonelle® Flushable Wipes can be flushed. In 2017, the city of Perry, Iowa, dropped a class action suit against six leading wipes. Credit: Sarah Crowley/Apartment Therapy. This can be especially true when cold and flu season rolls around. Firstly, to remove the prosthesis for cleaning, a person should: wash and dry their hands. (1722) $6. ago. A better seal and more suction are the results of. A husband went to great lengths to find the diamond ring his wife accidentally lost down the toilet. The room smelled horrible as a result. Then take damp, warm cotton balls or a corner of a washcloth and gently wipe your closed eye from the inner corner to the outer. Place the plunger over the toilet drain and push down firmly. to buy that quantity at wholesale commercial rates. If you start flushing the tp down after 2 or three flushes the bowl should not be able to drain and it will get close to over flowing. Baking soda and vinegar: Mix about one cup of baking soda with one cup of vinegar and pour it into the toilet bowl. 3. The humor comes from the. It is important to remember that improper flushing can result in clogs, and even overflows. The process of plunging involves creating a vacuum in the drain, which pulls items downward and pushes them through the pipes. Having Kleenex at home and even in your pockets is almost a universal necessity because we use it to sneeze, remove makeup, and clean ourselves after using the bathroom. The usage of latex gloves should end after a particular number of uses. Reach into the toilet trap to find the stuck Kleenex. If we assume that your septic tank is a minimum of 1000 gallons and that you need to reach 25% concentration of castor oil to have a noticeable odor effect therein, you'd need 250 gallons of castor oil. Pour a cup of Epsom salt into the toilet bowl. Step 2: Put the clothes back into the wash with at least four aspirin tablets for a small load. Unfortunately, you can't flush Kleenex down the toilet. 7. The possibility is that paper towels absorb the water from their nearby spots. Cigarette Butts Durability: Toilet paper is typically sold in longer rolls since it’s meant to last individuals for more extended periods rather than being used and disposed of repeatedly throughout the day like Kleenex. They may break down slowly, causing clogs and backups in your plumbing system. Draining training 5. Plunge the plumber snake into the toilet bowl through the toilet drain and keep inserting it till you feel resistance. In conclusion, it is not safe to flush Kleenex and it is important to understand the potential consequences of doing so. In 2017, the city of Perry, Iowa, dropped a class action suit against six leading wipes. . Can Kleenex tissue be flushed in the toilet? Should it be? Do you throw tissues out in the garbage or flush them? What about wipes- okay to flush? Is. These should never be poured down the drain. 10-28-2023 01:25 PM. place something soft, such as a towel or pillow, on a surface in front of them, so. A: If you accidentally flushed Kleenex down the toilet, act quickly. It was like one of those bigger hair clips that is the size of my palm. R. Why it works: The chemical reaction can help to dissolve your toilet paper. Fishing it out. This will force the blockage (piece of plastic or something that was accidentally flushed into the toilet). If this happens, you should immediately check and see if there is an instant clog down there. Here is a detailed guide on what to do if you accidentally flushed something down the toilet. Since tissues retain their shape longer, they can cause all sorts of problems if you flush them down the toilet. But in reality, they create a lot of mess. Wasn't looking and accidentally tossed it into toilet instead, then later flushed it out of muscle memory. You should never flush items such as Kleenex, paper towels, and tissue paper. Food scraps will clog your septic system. Next, place the plunger over the hole at the bottom of the toilet bowl and press down firmly. A couple times in my life, I’ve flushed a condom. Take a moment to breathe deeply and remind yourself this is a solvable issue. Proper Technique for Dissolving Kleenex with Hot Water. Thirteen years after she accidentally flushed it down the toilet, a Minnesota woman’s pipe dream came true: she was reunited with the gold diamond ring once gifted to her by her husband. Toilet paper and toilet paper holder; the paperboard center of a spent roll is visible on the holder. Not joking. Flushing is a big problem in itself. Just dispose of them in the garbage – don't flush them. Flushing the toilet repeatedly can cause the item to move further down the pipes, making it more difficult to remove. A clog resulting from the use of paper towels, tissues, or napkins instead of toilet paper can cause the toilet to flush sluggishly, if it can even flush at all. Diapers. You see, when we use regular toilet paper, it breaks down within seconds and becomes nothing but tiny fibers before. These lightly moistened wipes are great for the whole family. Don't use water to remove batteries, food or plant material. Is it okay to flush disinfecting wipes? EPA urges Americans to only flush toilet paper. "The water in your toilet goes to a sewage treatment plant that removes most. This should be the final step in releasing the clog. Only wash out the ear canal if you don't think there is a hole in the eardrum and no ear tubes are in place. If you've been flushing without issue, it may have already made its way into the sewer line. Do not flush the following: Kleenex and other facial tissues. Diapers. Let’s dive in. There are three overriding reasons to watch what we flush; preserving function, preserving bacteria, preserving nature. Post# 332576 , Reply# 13 2/27. Cover the toilet bowl’s drain (hole) entirely with the mouth of the plunger. These products look and feel a lot like toilet paper, so it would make sense that they are flushable, too. However, things like washcloths can get stuck in the pipes and cause a clog. It was causing the water to drain really slowly. The ratio should be about 1:2 of baking soda to vinegar. Use Liquid Shampoo/Soap Supplies: Liquid soap/shampoo, hot water, and a plunger Steps: Drain water from your toilet bowl Create suctions after putting the plunger. If the water is not flowing away, you will have to check the second step as toilets generally don’t unclog themselves. Claim home. ← Previous Post. Flushing a Kleenex by mistake is not a catastrophe, but best is to retrieve it. Turn Off the Water. In a September 1, 2020 op-ed in the Washington Post, Allen wrote that the coronavirus can be detected in stool samples, and the churning and bubbling of water. Accidentally flushing non-flushable items like keys, toys, and dental floss can cause significant problems in the plumbing system, leading to clogs and blockages. Warm the washcloth again with water if you need to get the gunk off. 9. Clothes dryer sheets used as fabric softener or to make your dry clothes "smell nicer" - the quantity of chemical in these. Not blowing your nose. Kleenex is also available in a variety of styles, such as lotion-infused tissues, scented tissues, and ultra-soft tissues. 2. So, if you find yourself […]I accidently flushed the roll of my toilet paper holder (Plastic, about 6 inches 3/4 of an inch wide) down the toilet in - Answered by a verified Plumber. To dissolve Kleenex with hot water, boil water in a kettle or on the stove. In other words, you can't keep flushing hair into a septic system and compensating with lye to dissolve it. We’ve all been there – that heart-stopping moment when something goes down the toilet that shouldn’t have. If the pen is not visible, it may have gone further down the drainpipe. Following are belongings you should by no means flush down your lavatory. Bubbling sounds coming from the plumbing system. Key Takeaways. Jul 15, 2011 — I took a drug test for a job I just got hired for (fucking finally, it's been a sad. Carefully pour hot water into the toilet bowl to dissolve the liquid or bar soap. Do this until it gets sucked up, or the vacuum tank is full of water. While you were cleaning the toilet, you might accidentally flush a rag. Use a stirrer to gently agitate the water and help break down the Kleenex fibers. Because these paper products aren’t designed to break up like toilet paper, they can clog pipes or the sewer system. The other night I was at a party. However, because tissues are not designed to dissolve quickly, you may need to flush several times to ensure that the tissue is fully flushed down. @Bri369 @gardenman Regarding the lease, I'm guessing the clause is there to help prevent things from falling into the toilet and clogging up the plumbing. Whether it's a small item, hygiene product, or even a child's toy, the immediate instinct might be panic. How likely is it that a woman's disposable razor, accidentally flushed down the toilet, will result in a pipe blockage? The item in question is your typical small woman's disposable razor (the entire thing, plastic handle + blade) which, somehow, was knocked off the edge of the sink at the exact moment that the toilet was flushing. Let it sit for a few hours or overnight. Generally, if the water gets shut off, the. Essentially, biodegradable materials break down naturally, at the mercy of the weather, time, oxygen, heat, and microorganisms. When accidentally flushed something and tangle it causing clogging to use a flange plunger. A woman found her diamond ring in the sewer after accidentally flushing it down the toilet 9 years earlier. Sarah Al-Arshani. Or all the time. Rather than waiting until the problem worsens, deal with the issue immediately. So remember, accidents happen, and if you accidentally flush something down the toilet, don’t panic. put a few sheets of your regular toilet paper in one. Posted by u/CleedisMunch - 3,561 votes and 165 commentsIn 2010, Mary Strand, of Rogers, Minnesota, accidentally flushed her diamond ring down the toilet. Same with used tampons. Use water to flush splashed blood from your nose, mouth, or skin. object (rag) in toilet drain; Author: Anonymous User I accidentally (and stupidly) let a terrycloth rag get flushed down the toilet. A plunger is the most common way to unclog a blocked toilet. (PhotographyFirm/iStock) It doesn’t matter whether you’re putting vegan sausage and kale or leftover bacon grease and Funyuns. Subject: Re:My kid accidentally flushed down the toilet. It fell off the wand when I flushed and fell from about 6inches and went straight down with the last of the water. When you flush, 95% of the toilet paper dissolves in water. A 2016 study found that half the menstruating population flush tampons. Tips To Dissolve Kleenex Safely 1. It was simultaneously one of the most depressing and hilarious days of my life. Good luck and remember, when it comes to flushing, stick to only flushable items like toilet paper – your plumbing will thank you! Do Not use a Plunger, You’ll Only Move the Clog Further DownThe plunger should be pressed against the toilet bowl’s rim so that its rim fits snugly. " Even the producer advises discarding Kleenex in the trash. Although both are made of wood pulp, tissues are much thicker than toilet paper. As soon as I did I think I said "shit, I don. Due to the global plastic crisis, this is no doubt concerning. Cut off the water supply to the toilet by turning the small valve on the wall behind the toilet. Flushing Kleenex tissues down the toilet is generally not recommended. So there I was, minding my own business, when an unfortunate coincidence occurred: I accidentally flushed the toilet when the water was off. Pour ½ cup of dish wash soap into the bowl and leave it for 30 minutes. Yes! To avoid clogs, there is a list of items that should not be flushed down the toilet. But also point out why it's improbable they actually did so, in the form of a question. This action poses a risk of corrosion and can have a significant impact on water quality. run an empty load after I was the dog's rugs just to make sure all the hair is flushed away. † Virucidal Against: Rhinoviruses type 1A and 2 (Rhinoviruses are the leading cause of the common cold), Influenza A and Influenza B (causes the flu); Respiratory Syncytial Virus. . But the best thing you can do is to put throw them in the bin. These products look and feel a lot like toilet paper, so it would make sense that they are flushable, too. It will likely be able to dig into the cleaner head and let you pull it back out. I accidentally flushed my kids underwear while working on cleaning them up after an accident (he was 2 I believe). It flushed. We personally are against. I threw the rest of those balls away!Learned that one the hard way, my septic system was backing up into a shower drain in our basement. Called a plumber who in turned recommended a septic tank company. EPA urges Americans to only flush toilet paper. This seems to me to be speaking as to whether or not one should flush them down the toilet, not really about composting. Some of the most common accidental clogs include: The company maintains that its flushable wipes are safe to flush. Do not flush the following: Kleenex and other facial tissues. 3/5. The soap should start unclogging the toilet drain by. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. The humor comes from the. Public works crews attempted to get the ring back at the time, but they couldn't find it. @Bri369 @gardenman Regarding the lease, I'm guessing the clause is there to help prevent things from falling into the toilet and clogging up the plumbing. A working system is an unseen blessing, but an improperly working one becomes a nightmare quickly. Flushing a Kleenex by mistake is not a catastrophe, but. Facial tissues like Kleenex and similar products can be found in most households in at least some capacity. The simple answer: no, Kleenex should not be put in toilets. Some antibacterial wipes are OK for your hands. With your kettle, pour the hot water slowly into the bowl; watch out for overflow. Facial tissues might seem safe to flush because they look so much like toilet paper. Turn the handle of the plumber snake in a clockwise direction to ensure that the tampon clogging the toilet is hooked to the plumber snake. Stop flushing to prevent further water overflow and attempt to unclog the toilet using a plunger or plumbing snake. Especially if you have a newer, low-flow (or low-flush) toilet, which consumes no more than 1. Use tweezers. Some bandages are made of non-biodegradable plastic, which can pollute water systems when flushed down the toilet. I’m starting to think it’s this pad I accidentally flushed that I wrapped in toilet paper a few months ago. 78 litres, which mean a flush sucks back close to 12 litres of water. In some cases, it may take 1–2 hours for a clog to dissolve on its own. It’s not unusual for tougher tissues to get tangled up in sewage pumps meant. This type of paper is designed to stay together when wet, and absorb moisture, so it often takes too long to break down in the sewer system, and can cause sewage blockages. 2. So she shows me the bathroom, gives me the cup to pee in and says "you have 3 minutes. For instance, you may flush flushable tissues in a limited number if the drain is 100% functional. They are made with lots of binder and they really don’t fall apart in water. Accidentally flushing a paper towel down the toilet can be a simple mistake, but it can be a potentially expensive and frustrating problem. Get it in store: Out of stock. Toggle Image Magnification Toggle. The ACCC alleged that by labelling these products as “flushable”, consumers would believe the Kleenex. These products look and feel a lot like toilet paper, so it would make sense that they are flushable, too. Kleenex has a strong absorbency level due to which its masses or lumps can get stuck when thrown down the drain and block your sewer line. Accidentally flushing the toilet when the water is off will not hurt the toilet or cause any damage to the plumbing system, especially if it happens once. Kleenex Everyday Facial Tissue, 2-ply, 100 Sheets, 16-pk #299-6799-4. Table of Contents. Instead, throw them away in the trash. What Happens If You Accidentally Flush Something Down The Toilet. Toilet Paper”The water or saline solution may flush the foreign object from your eye. Method3. Singapore Statutes Online states “any person who has urinated or defecated in any sanitary convenience with a flushing system to which the public has access shall flush the sanitary convenience immediately after using it. If that happens it's in the trap. Time to get to work: Flush the blocked toilet, then push down on the middle of your plastic wrap/trash bag seal, over the. You may also cut a soap bar into smaller chunks and throw it in the toilet bowl. It’s as easy as knowing what not to flush down the toilet. However, if you do accidentally flush Kleenex down the toilet, there are safe and effective methods for dissolving it without causing plumbing problems. Conclusion. My little daughter was playing with the toilet and accidentally flush a huge amount of paper and crayons. Back in March and April — those heady, early pandemic days — nothing seemed more important than toilet paper. However, it should be done sparingly as baby wipes can accumulate in the sewer system and cause blockages and problems if they build up. These wipes and other. Use water. Extracting miscellaneous items from the plumbing can be an expensive proposition. Kleenex Ultra Soft Facial Tissues, 3-pk. Her husband snaked the drain and even asked municipal worker to check nearby pipes, t…What happens when you flush tissues? Water in your toilet does not cause facial tissue or paper towels to disintegrate right away when you flush them. Food. Ours are made from some kind of plastic that doesn't dissolve when it gets accidentally washed. I love the "flushable" wipes and such. They can clog the toilet and wreak havoc with a septic tank — especially filtered or plastic-tipped smokes. I will write the story out after getting some opinions. If the object is easy to see and grasp, gently remove it with tweezers. Eventually, you'll run into a clogging problem with this strategy. […]In ‘Why Him’, the toilet mishap takes an unexpected turn, creating a cringe-worthy and hilarious moment. Flushing only toilet paper helps ensure that the toilets, plumbing, sewer systems and septic systems will continue. 2. We had one site, Lake Oroville public pools. If it is just a one-off you can easily solve this issue and stop any clogs from forming and ruining your sewage system. While they may seem a little like toilet paper, they are not. In some cases, it may take 1–2 hours for a clog to dissolve on its own. "Kleenex, paper towels or tissue paper should not be flushed. They can clog the toilet and wreak havoc with a septic tank — especially filtered or plastic-tipped smokes. It is best not to worry too much if you accidentally flush one baby wipe. He said that since I flushed the wipes, I pay for the repairs. Boil a pot of water and slowly pour it into the bowl. When a vape is flushed down the toilet, its components, including the battery, coil, cartridge, and e-liquid residue, enter the plumbing system. On Thursday, when a maintenance crew was working on it, raw sewage came onto the carpet. 6/5 (65 votes) . However, if you do accidentally flush Kleenex down the toilet, there are safe and effective methods for dissolving it without causing plumbing problems. 5 (2967) 4. Turn Off The Water Using Shutoff Valve. – BMitch ♦. To prevent future accidents of flushing items down the toilet, we can educate children on what is and isn’t flushable, perform regular plumbing maintenance, dispose of items properly, and seek professional help if needed. Finally, carefully lift the toilet off the floor and dispose of it according to local regulations. We stopped using wipes for the bathroom once they were each potty trained, so 2 and 2. Topics. Cost me $134 for the plumber to remove a huge ball of flushable wipes and grease. With a clean, fresh towel every time, Kleenex ® Hand Towels are a cleaner way to dry hands than a cloth towel and they feature a cloth-like feel. 4. The toilet appears to flush normally right now, within an hour after the screwup, but I'm concerned that the rag will snag somewhere, then other crud will snag on it, etc. @Bri369 @gardenman Regarding the lease, I'm guessing the clause is there to help prevent things from falling into the toilet and clogging up the plumbing. Our flushable wipes are: Paper-based Hypoallergenic Fragrance Free Dermatologically tested Flush a maximum of two wipes at a time. Tips To Dissolve Kleenex Safely 1. Here is a detailed guide on what to do if you accidentally flushed something down the toilet. In other words, do not flush tissues down the toilet. 6055 out of 5 stars. Use a designated trash can for Kleenex and other sanitary products. Since tissues retain their shape longer, they can cause all sorts of. That's five 440 pound drums or 5 x $750 or about $3750. By making conscious and environmentally friendly. If you accidentally flush a paper towel, pour about a gallon of hot water in the toilet. I accidentally walked in on my wife in the bathroom. We’ve all been there – that sinking feeling when something important gets flushed down the toilet. If the pen has gone down the drainpipe, you can try using a plunger to dislodge it. 5. However, flushing your tampons is still not a smart idea even if you are a part of a sewer system. Kleenex ® Ultra Soft™, Soothing Lotion™, and Anti-Viral† tissues are 3-ply for added softness and comfort. A round of Gumball and Darwin's homemade board game "Dodj or Daar" goes awry in season 2's "The Game," one of the series' most bizarre episodes, but one of the best Amazing World of Gumball episodes. Dr Edwards said “too much snot or mucus can sometimes block the extraction or test reaction”. Then there are the wrappers and plastic. Method 1: Fill a bucket halfway with boiling water. Fill the toilet bowl halfway with dishwashing liquid, liquid soap, or shampoo. Boil another pot of water and pour into the toilet if necessary. A full roll of toilet paper. While it may seem convenient to flush Kleenex after blowing your nose, it can cause clogs and potentially damage your plumbing system over time. No, you should not flush Kleenex tissues in the toilet. Proper Technique for Dissolving Kleenex with Hot Water. It'southward not uncommon for people to flush a Kleenex every once in a while. Flushing Tissues. Don’t Force Flush the Toilet! If you realize that you have accidentally flushed something down the toilet, do NOT try to force flush the toilet. Accidentally flushing a pad down the toilet can happen to anyone, but now you’re armed with the knowledge to handle it like a pro. Toilet paper goes through extensive testing to ensure that it disintegrates as it is flushed, other products remain intact and obstruct pipes. Use elbow-height rubber gloves for full coverage. Kleenex ® Everyday Facial Tissues, for everyday laughs, tears, sniffles and family moments. It plays on our discomfort with bodily functions and puts the characters in highly uncomfortable situations. I believe I would put a pretty small sign out before placing toilet paper by the sink instead of Kleenex. Booooo!Kleenex Flushable Wipes are only suitable for use in properly maintained sewerage systems and commercial septic systems. Continuing to flush will only make the problem worse. If You Flush paper Towels, various bad things happen to your toilet as it does not quickly break apart. The flushable part of a toilet is designed to send waste and toilet paper down the pipes and into the sewer. . Kleenex ® Trusted Care ® Tissue is 2-ply for strength and absorbency. 3. look into a mirror. This will prevent flooding and save you in the event you accidentally hit the toilet flush handle again. Flush the toilet and pour more hot water if necessary; Flush and redo steps 1-3 until the tissue has dissolved entirely. It is important to only flush toilet paper and human waste down the toilet. The lint collector should pick up the biggest pieces. It wasn’t even the first time it had happened either. Don't flush large clumps of hair down the toilet, and use drain covers to protect your shower and sink drains. The bristles and the shape of the toothbrush can get stuck in the pipes, causing a blockage. Once the reaction stops, grab a kettle of very hot water and empty it (carefully to avoid burning splashes) into the toilet bowl.